Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes that develops in pregnant women who have never had diabetes before. It is caused by the body’s inability to use glucose properly, and it can lead to health problems for both the mother and the baby.
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Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes
Many women with gestational diabetes do not have any symptoms. However, some women may experience the following symptoms:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Extreme fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Weight gain
- Headaches
Causes of Gestational Diabetes
The exact cause of gestational diabetes is unknown. However, it is thought to be caused by a combination of factors, including:
- Obesity
- Family history of diabetes
- Previous history of gestational diabetes
- Age
- Race or ethnicity
- Certain medical conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Risk Factors for Gestational Diabetes
The following factors increase a woman’s risk of developing gestational diabetes:
- Age
- Weight
- Race or ethnicity
- Family history of diabetes
- Previous history of gestational diabetes
- Certain medical conditions, such as PCOS
- Gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy
- Having a baby who is large for gestational age
- Having a baby with birth defects
Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes is usually diagnosed during the second half of pregnancy. A blood test called a glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose gestational diabetes.
Treatment of Gestational Diabetes
The goal of treatment for gestational diabetes is to keep blood sugar levels in a healthy range. This can be done with diet, exercise, and medication.
Diet for Gestational Diabetes
A healthy diet for gestational diabetes is one that is low in sugar and processed foods. It is also important to eat regular meals and snacks to keep blood sugar levels stable.
Exercise for Gestational Diabetes
Exercise is an important part of managing gestational diabetes. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise most days of the week.
Medication for Gestational Diabetes
If diet and exercise are not enough to control blood sugar levels, medication may be needed. The most common medication used to treat gestational diabetes is insulin.
Complications of Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes can cause health problems for both the mother and the baby. For the mother, gestational diabetes can increase the risk of:
- Preeclampsia
- Caesarean section
- High blood pressure
- Infections
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
For the baby, gestational diabetes can increase the risk of:
- Large for gestational age
- Birth defects
- Breathing problems
- Jaundice
- Type 2 diabetes later in life
Prevention of Gestational Diabetes
There is no sure way to prevent gestational diabetes. However, there are some things that women can do to reduce their risk, including:
- Maintaining a healthy weight before and during pregnancy
- Exercising regularly
- Eating a healthy diet
- Getting regular prenatal care
If you are pregnant and have any concerns about gestational diabetes, talk to your doctor.
You can read more in Details @ https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339
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